Investigating the Stability Characteristics of Natural-Circulation Boiling Water Reactors Using Root Loci of a Reduced-Order Model

Linear stability analysis of a natural-circulation boiling water reactor (BWR) and the underlying thermal-hydraulic subsystem is performed using a reduced-order BWR dynamic model. The root-locus method is used to examine the stability of the system. The relation between the poles of the system and the physical processes causing the instabilities is investigated. For a natural-circulation thermal-hydraulic system, the two types of instabilities (type-I and type-II oscillations) can clearly be attributed to the dynamics of different types of pressure drops. However, it is not possible to associate these instability types with certain poles of the system.

The root loci of a reactor with weak void reactivity feedback and those of the thermal-hydraulic system behave similarly: The same pole pair remains the least stable one as the operating conditions move from the type-I instability region to the type-II region. In the case of a reactor with strong void reactivity feedback, an exchange in the stability of two pole pairs is found: The least stable pole pair in the type-II region is not the same as in the type-I region.