Particle Simulations on Ion Loss at the Edge of a Tokamak Plasma with the Radial Electric Fields

Particle orbit simulations are carried out to study the ion orbits and loss at the edge of a tokamak plasma. The ion loss conditions are examined as a function of v_||/v₀ and the distance of ion launching points from the magnetic separatrix. The simulation results are compared with the theoretical ones. Good agreements and detailed features are shown in the simulations.