Theory of Anomalous Transport in Toroidal Plasmas

Based on the method of self-sustained turbulence, the anomalous transport coefficient is derived for various toroidal plasmas. The L-mode confinements in the tokamaks, stellarators, H/T systems and RFP are explained by this formula, showing the influence of the magnetic geometry. The mechanism of the confinement improvement is discussed. Associated with the H-mode, the bifurcation physics is described. The catastrophic event at the β-limit is discussed.