Effect of Heating Temperature on Deuterium Retention Behavior for Helium/Carbon Implanted Tungsten

The effect of heating temperature on deuterium (D) retention behavior for helium (He⁺) / carbon (C⁺) implanted tungsten (W) was studied. It was found that D retention behavior for He⁺ implanted W was not limited by the size of the He bubbles. The microstructure observation showed that the large helium bubbles were formed near the surface for He⁺ implanted W at 1173 K, suggesting that the D retention was reduced by the growth of the helium bubbles. In addition, to evaluate the effect of implantation ion species at high temperature, D retention behavior for He⁺ implanted W at 1173 K was compared with that for C⁺ implanted W at 673 K. It is concluded that the D retention depends on ion species, which makes different kinds of damages like He bubbles for He⁺ implantation and vacancy-ion complex (voids) for C⁺ implantation.